Elkington & Co

Elkington & Co., founded in 1815, became a major innovator in the development of electroplating and gilding techniques, revolutionising the silver industry.

The firm was originally established in Birmingham by the uncle of George Richards Elkington. Upon his uncle’s death, George Richards took over the business alongside his cousin, Henry Elkington. In 1842, the firm was joined by Josiah Mason, a successful manufacturer of steel pen nibs. Mason remained a partner until 1861, when he left the business. Following George Richards Elkington’s death in 1865, his sons successfully managed the firm, which continued operating independently as Elkington & Co. until 1963.

Elkington & Co. was at the forefront of technological advancements in metalwork. In the 1830s, the company secured the first patents for electroplating, a process that involved applying a thin layer of silver onto a base metal using electricity. This technique was refined further in 1840, incorporating chemical discoveries made by John Wright, a Birmingham surgeon, who found that potassium cyanide was an effective electrolyte for silver deposition. Recognising the commercial potential, the Elkingtons quickly acquired the rights and patents to Wright’s discoveries, ensuring their dominance in the field.

The company became renowned for its electrotypes—highly detailed electroplated reproductions of historical metal objects. Henry Cole, the first director of the South Kensington Museum (now the Victoria & Albert Museum), saw the educational value of these replicas. He collaborated with Elkington & Co. to produce moulds of historical artefacts from museums in Britain and abroad. By 1920, the V&A held approximately 1,000 electrotypes, many of which were later sold to the public and other institutions.

Elkington & Co. had an extensive and diverse production line. Their electroplated tableware, including cutlery, tea services, and decorative pieces, became immensely popular in Victorian households. By 1880, the company employed around 1,000 workers, reflecting its considerable success. The firm also received prestigious commissions, including the production of tableware and cutlery for the Titanic and the banqueting room of the Royal Yacht Britannia. Additionally, they provided items for grand hotels, embassies, and important government buildings.

Due to the exceptional quality, artistic design, and precision of their craftsmanship, Elkington & Co. was awarded the Royal Warrant by Queen Victoria. The company continued to hold this honour for six consecutive reigns, solidifying its reputation as one of Britain’s most distinguished silversmithing firms.